Installing new construction windows is a great way to update the look of your home and improve its energy efficiency. However, if you don’t have any experience with home improvement projects, the task can seem daunting. That’s why we’ve put together this step-by-step guide to help you through the process.
First of all, you’ll need to gather some tools and materials, including a screwdriver, a hammer, a level, and a caulk gun. Then, it’s time to demolish the old windows. To do this, you’ll need to remove the trim around the windows and then carefully cut out the windows themselves. Be sure to wear safety glasses and gloves when you’re doing this, as the glass can shatter.
Once the old windows are out, it’s time to install the new ones. To do this, you’ll first need to set the windows in place and then secure them with screws. Next, you’ll need to caulk around the windows to seal them up and prevent drafts. Finally, you’ll need to reinstall the trim around the windows and then you’re finished!
Planning the Window Installation
Before You Start: Gather Materials and Tools
* New window unit (with frame)
* Level
* Measuring tape
* Stud finder
* Pry bar
* Hammer or nail gun
* Shims
* Caulking gun
* Exterior window trim (casing, brick molding, etc.)
Determining Window Placement and Size
* Measure the rough opening (the space in the wall where the window will be installed) and compare it to the window unit’s specified rough opening size.
* Ensure the window’s exterior trim will fit within the space designated for it.
* Consider the window’s functionality and accessibility. Make sure it can open and close easily, and that there is enough clearance for any obstructions such as furniture or blinds.
* Plan for the placement of studs around the window unit. The studs should be located at the corners and along the sides of the opening, and the window frame should be firmly attached to them using screws or nails.
Preparing the Rough Opening
* Remove any existing trim or siding around the rough opening.
* Check for and remove any rotted or damaged wood in the wall.
* Ensure the rough opening is level and square. If necessary, use shims to adjust the opening’s dimensions.
* Install flashing tape around the edges of the rough opening to prevent moisture from seeping in.
Choosing the Right Window Size and Style
Selecting the ideal window size and style for your new construction project is crucial for both aesthetics and functionality. Here are some key considerations:
Window Size
Determine the size of the window by considering the available space, the purpose of the room, and the amount of natural light desired. Larger windows allow more light and offer panoramic views, but they may require additional support. Smaller windows are suitable for smaller rooms or for controlled light entry.
Window Styles
Choose a window style that complements the architectural style of your home and meets your specific needs:
| Style | Description |
|---|---|
| Casement | Hinged on the side, providing excellent ventilation and a wide view. |
| Awning | Hinged at the top, allowing for top-down ventilation and protection from rain. |
| Double-Hung | Two vertically sliding sashes that allow for easy cleaning and ventilation. |
| Slider | Horizontally sliding sashes that maximize space and provide a wide view. |
| Bay Window | A combination of three or more windows that project outward to create a bay area with increased space and light. |
Preparing the Window Opening
1. Remove Existing Window
If replacing an existing window, remove it by cutting through the caulking around the frame, then pulling the window out and detaching it from the frame. Discard the old window, but save the trim pieces for reuse if desired.
2. Square the Opening
Use a level to check the opening and ensure it’s perfectly square. Make any necessary adjustments by shimming the studs or framing out the opening.
3. Install a Subsill/Header
For windows installed above a door or another window, a subsill or header is required to support the load. This can be a piece of 2×4 or 2×6 lumber cut to fit the width of the opening. Place the subsill or header in the opening and secure it to the framing with nails or screws. Ensure it’s level and flush with the top of the opening.
| Window Type | Subsill/Header Required |
|---|---|
| Double-hung | Yes |
| Casement | Yes, for windows over 48″ wide |
| Single-hung | No |
| Picture window | No |
Note: If the opening is too large, you may need to install a full-on header, which is a more complex process that requires additional framing and support.
Installing the Window Frame
Installing a new construction window frame requires careful preparation and precise execution. Here’s a detailed step-by-step guide to ensure a successful installation:
1. Prepare the Opening
Start by measuring the rough opening and ensuring that it matches the dimensions of the window frame. Remove any existing trim or insulation and install a backer board around the perimeter of the opening for added support.
2. Apply Flashing Tape
Apply self-adhesive flashing tape around the perimeter of the opening to prevent water penetration. Ensure that the tape overlaps with the window frame and backer board, creating a watertight seal.
3. Install the Window Frame
Place the window frame inside the opening and align it carefully. Secure it temporarily with shims and screws. Make sure that the frame is level, plumb, and square before proceeding.
4. Insulate and Caulk the Frame
Fill any gaps between the frame and the opening with insulation to prevent heat loss and drafts. Use expanding foam insulation for larger gaps and fiberglass batts for smaller areas. Once the insulation is in place, apply a generous bead of caulk around all exterior seams and joints to create a weather-resistant seal.
| Caulk Type | Application |
|---|---|
| Silicone | Flexible, weather-resistant seal for exterior joints |
| Latex | Water-based, easy-to-apply seal for interior joints |
| Polyurethane | Strong, expanding seal for larger gaps and joints |
Allow the caulk to dry completely before installing the window sash.
Securing the Window with Flashing
Installing flashing around the window is crucial to ensure proper weatherproofing and prevent water damage. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the steps involved:
5. Installing the Sill Flashing
The sill flashing is a key component that prevents water from seeping through the bottom of the window. Follow these steps to install it efficiently:
- Trim the sill flashing to the width of the window sill.
- Apply a bead of caulk along the top of the sill.
- Position the sill flashing over the caulk and press it firmly into place, ensuring it extends several inches beyond the edge of the window frame on both sides.
- Secure the flashing with roofing nails or screws, spacing them evenly along the length of the sill.
- Fold up the ends of the flashing at a 90-degree angle to form a drip edge.
- Cover the exposed caulk with a strip of masking tape.
| Material | Recommended Thickness |
|---|---|
| Galvanized Steel | 0.019 inches |
| Aluminum | 0.025 inches |
| Copper | 0.032 inches |
Insulating the Window Perimeter
Proper insulation is crucial for preventing air leaks and ensuring the energy efficiency of your new window installation. Follow these steps to insulate the window perimeter effectively:
1. Prepare the Window Frame
Remove the old window and clean the frame of any debris or old insulation material.
2. Install Backer Rod
Insert a backer rod, typically made of foam or polyethylene, around the perimeter of the window frame. This will create a space for the sealant to adhere to.
3. Apply Sealant
Apply a high-quality sealant, such as silicone or polyurethane, to the gap between the window frame and the wall. Use a caulk gun to control the application.
4. Place Insulation
Fill the remaining space between the window frame and the wall with insulation material, such as spray foam, fiberglass, or cellulose. Ensure that the insulation is tightly packed to prevent air gaps.
5. Install Trim
Attach the window trim to cover the insulation and provide a finished look. Secure it with nails or screws.
6. Caulk Interior and Exterior
Apply a bead of caulk to the interior and exterior perimeter of the window to seal any remaining gaps and prevent air infiltration. Use a caulk gun and ensure a smooth, consistent bead.
| Interior Caulk | Exterior Caulk |
|---|---|
| Use paintable caulk for a seamless finish | Use weather-resistant caulk for durability |
| Apply around the window frame and trim | Apply around the window frame and siding |
Finishing the Window Installation
Once the window is secure, you can start finishing the installation by sealing the gaps and trimming the window frame. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
7. Sealing the Gaps
Apply a generous bead of caulk to the gap between the window frame and the wall. Use a caulk gun to ensure even application. Smooth the caulk using a wet finger or a caulk-smoothing tool. Caulk all gaps, both inside and outside the house. Allow the caulk to dry completely before moving on to the next step.
|
Type of Caulk |
Recommended Uses |
|---|---|
|
Silicone caulk |
Flexible and water-resistant. Exterior applications. |
|
Acrylic latex caulk |
Easy to use and paint. Interior and exterior applications. |
|
Butylic caulk |
Highly adhesive and weather-resistant. Exterior applications. |
INSTALLING THE WINDOW
Caulk and Seal the Window
Once the window is installed, you’ll need to caulk and seal it to make it weatherproof. Here’s how to do it:
- Apply a bead of caulk around the outside of the window frame. Use a caulk gun to apply a bead of caulk to the joint between the window frame and the wall. Make sure to get a good seal around the entire perimeter of the window.
- Smooth the caulk with your finger or a putty knife. Once you’ve applied the caulk, smooth it out with your finger or a putty knife. This will help to create a watertight seal.
Trim the Window Opening
1. Set the Window in the Opening
- Place the window in the rough opening and center it vertically and horizontally. Ensure that the window is level and plumb.
2. Add Shims and Nail the Window Flange
- Insert shims around the window to create an even gap between the window flange and the rough opening.
- Use a hammer and nails to secure the window flange to the studs.
3. Install the Drip Cap (optional)
- If desired, install a drip cap above the window to prevent water from leaking into the wall. Secure it with screws or nails.
4. Tape the House Wrap
- Apply self-adhesive house wrap tape to the flange and any gaps around the window. This creates an airtight and moisture-resistant seal.
5. Apply Flange Sealant
- Run a bead of polyurethane caulk or other suitable sealant around the exterior of the flange. This helps seal any remaining gaps.
6. Install the Siding
- Trim and install the siding around the window, making sure to overlap the flange by at least 1 inch.
7. Install the Corner Trim
- If the siding extends beyond the window opening, install corner trim to finish the edges. Secure it with nails or screws.
8. Seal the Trim
- Apply sealant around the edges of the trim where it meets the siding and window flange. This prevents water infiltration.
9. Caulk the Joints
Tools and Materials:
| Tool | Material |
|---|---|
| Caulking gun | Exterior caulk |
| Putty knife | |
| Sponge or cloth |
Steps:
- Apply a generous bead of caulk to all joints between the window, trim, and siding.
- Use a putty knife to smooth the caulk and remove any excess.
- Wipe away any excess caulk with a damp sponge or cloth.
Final Inspection and Testing
10. Comprehensive Inspection
After the window is installed, conduct a comprehensive inspection to ensure proper alignment, function, and aesthetics. Inspect for any gaps, leaks, or imperfections in the frame, glass, and hardware. Verify that the window opens and closes smoothly without any resistance or binding.
Examine the interior and exterior surfaces of the window for any scratches, dents, or blemishes. Check the weatherstripping and gaskets for secure fit and proper sealing. Ensure that all screws and fasteners are adequately tightened and there are no loose or missing parts.
11. Water Resistance Test
Conduct a water resistance test to assess the window’s performance under simulated rainfall conditions. Use a spray bottle or hose to apply water directly to the exterior of the window. Observe the interior for any signs of water infiltration or leakage. Repeat the test from various angles and directions to ensure comprehensive coverage.
12. Air Infiltration Test
Perform an air infiltration test to evaluate the window’s ability to prevent air leakage. Use a blower door or smoke stick to create a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the house. Observe any areas where air may be leaking through the window and seal them accordingly. This test helps ensure energy efficiency and comfort by reducing drafts.
13. Operability and Hardware Testing
Test the functionality of all hardware components, including latches, locks, and handles. Ensure that they operate smoothly, engage firmly, and provide secure closure. Check for any binding, sticking, or rattling during operation. Adjust or lubricate any hardware as necessary to achieve optimal performance.
14. Condensation Test
Conduct a condensation test in high-humidity conditions to assess the window’s resistance to condensation. Create a humid environment inside the house using a humidifier or boiling water vapor. Observe the interior and exterior surfaces of the window for any signs of condensation or moisture accumulation. Identify any areas where condensation may occur and implement appropriate mitigation measures.
15. Final Documentation and Cleanup
Complete the installation process by documenting all inspections and tests performed. Take photographs or videos as necessary to document the condition of the window and any adjustments or repairs made. Clean up the work area and remove any debris or leftover materials. Provide the homeowner with clear instructions on window care and maintenance.
How to Install a New Construction Window
Installing a new construction window is a relatively simple task that can be completed in a few hours. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully and take the necessary precautions to ensure that the window is installed correctly.
To begin, you will need to remove the old window. This can be done by carefully prying the window frame away from the wall with a pry bar. Once the old window is removed, you will need to clean the opening and prepare it for the new window. This may involve removing any old caulk or insulation and repairing any damage to the framing.
Once the opening is prepared, you can begin to install the new window. Start by placing the window in the opening and aligning it with the framing. Once the window is aligned, you can secure it in place with screws or nails. Be sure to drive the screws or nails into the studs, not just the drywall.
Once the window is secure, you can apply caulk around the edges of the frame to seal out any air or water leaks. You can also add insulation around the window to improve its thermal performance. Finally, you can install the trim around the window to give it a finished look.
People Also Ask
How do I know if I need a new construction window?
There are several signs that you may need to replace your windows, including:
- Drafts around the windows
- Condensation on the inside of the windows
- Rotting or peeling paint around the windows
- Difficulty opening or closing the windows
How much does it cost to install a new construction window?
The cost of installing a new construction window will vary depending on the size and type of window, as well as the cost of labor in your area. However, you can typically expect to pay between $300 and $1,000 per window.
Can I install a new construction window myself?
Yes, you can install a new construction window yourself if you have some basic carpentry skills. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully and take the necessary precautions to ensure that the window is installed correctly.
